Introduction to Ultra-High Vacuum Systems in Particle Accelerators

• Hossein Karimi (Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) & School of Particles and accelerators, IPM)

For operating the particle accelerators, providing the required vacuum pressure is crucial. In practice, the vacuum is needed to minimize the beam-gas interaction which has a significant impact on the beam lifetime, luminosity, intensity, and instability. The vacuum is also needed to avoid electrical discharge in high voltage instruments, reduce contamination of optics, prevent the material from corrosion and damage, thermally isolate cryogenic devices, and reduce the induced radioactivity and noises in detectors. In this presentation, an overview of ultra-high vacuum systems that are used in charge particle accelerators will be presented which include a brief introduction of some vacuum equipment, the gas sources in particle accelerators, design and modeling of the vacuum system and requirements to achieve the Ultra-High Vacuum (UHV) pressure. Finally, as a special case, the design and modeling of the vacuum system for Iranian Light Source Facility will be presented.